Study of converging-diverging channel induced convective mass transport in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

The flow channel design in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is critical for transporting reactant gases and removing product water efficiently. Herein, we proposed performed comprehensive study of four designs: straight, wavy, 2D-Nozzle, the novel 3D-Nozzle. Using limiting current method, discovered that oxygen transport resistance 2D-Nozzle designs are similar confirming diffusive mechanism. In contrast, 3D-Nozzle significantly less than other three due to channel-induced convective flux gas diffusion layer. As result, peak power density 25% higher all designs. situ neutron images confirm has more evenly distributed straight design. Lastly, simulation results using three-dimensional finite element COMSOL model show notable in-plane through-plane layer promoting liquid transfer. combined experimental validate converging–diverging provides superior management capability, which turn improve performance robustness cell.